Until 2006, microfinance in Armenia was provided predominantly by foundations. However, the Law on Credit Organizations of 2002 shifted the microfinance landscape. Today, microfinance is dominated by a few key institutions, organized predominantly as universal credit organizations. No credit organizations are allowed to take deposits. Microfinance institutions (MFIs) are largely the descendants of previous microfinance foundations which were either branches of foreign non-governmental organizations (NGOs) or domestic foundations funded by international sources. Recent efforts to increase the role of banks in microfinance have received international multilateral and bilateral support, although the microfinance sector as a whole remains heavily donor-driven with limited funding coming from local sources. The Central Bank of Armenia regulates both bank and non-bank financial institutions, and is also responsible for licensing credit organizations.

Institutions providing microfinance in Azerbaijan include banks, non-bank credit institutions (NBCIs), and credit unions. The benefits to microfinance NBCIs of having "humanitarian status" were revoked in 2008. The Central Bank of the Republic of Azerbaijan regulates banks and NBCIs. A new Law on Non-Bank Credit Institutions was adopted in December 2009, and licensing rules and prudential requirements for NBCIs are currently being developed.

The main institutions providing microfinance services in Bangladesh include: 1) NGO-MFIs, 2) Grameen Bank (organized independently under the Grameen Bank Ordinance of 1983), and 3) commercial and specialized banks. NGO-MFIs are regulated by the Microcredit Regulatory Authority and register with the NGO Affairs Bureau if they receive foreign funds. Banks (excluding Grameen Bank) are regulated by the Bangladesh Bank.

Institutions providing microfinance services in Bolivia include commercial banks (notably BancoSol), private financial funds (FFPs), cooperatives, mutual savings and loan societies, and NGOs. All financial organizations, including financial NGOs, are regulated by the Authority of Supervision of the Financial System (ASFI), though in practice NGOs are not as closely supervised. The Central Bank of Bolivia is responsible for issuing norms regarding the financial system as a whole.  Several commercial banks, such as BancoSol, Banco Los Andes ProCredit, and Banco FIE, play an active role in microfinance.

Institutions providing microfinance services in Bosnia and Herzegovina include microcredit organizations (MCOs) (operating as either non-profit microcredit foundations (MCFs) or for-profit microcredit companies (MCCs)) and commercial banks. Bosnia and Herzegovina consists of two entities, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republic Srpska. Each entity has its own banking agency, the Banking Agency of the Federation of Bosnia for the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Banking Agency of the Republic Srpska for the Republic Srpska. In both the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republic Srpska, MCOs and commercial banks are supervised by the respective banking agencies. 

Credit cooperatives are the main providers of microfinance in Brazil. Commercial banks, NGOs, and non-bank financial institutions (such as microcredit societies (SCMs)) provide much of the remaining microfinance, but large segments of Brazilian society still do not have access to microfinance lending. A wide network of banking agents (also referred to as correspondents) exists and facilitates account opening, bank transfers, and loan disbursement. The National Monetary Council is the main body issuing regulation, while the Central Bank of Brazil plays a supervisory role. In regard to credit cooperatives, the Central Bank monitors the capacity of central credit cooperatives that supervise their affiliate cooperatives.