Technology
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Social Cash Transfers and Financial Inclusion
February 27, 2012
This Focus Note analyzes the profitability, affordability and use of electronic social cash transfers in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and South Africa. By the end of 2012, it is expected that in the countries studied, only a small minority of G2P recipients will still be paid in cash.
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Bank Agents: Risk Management, Mitigation, and Supervision
December 2, 2011
This Focus Note discusses the activities (and related risks) in which bank agents may engage, management and mitigation of agent-related risks, approaches to licensing and supervision of bank agent businesses, and possible corrective measures supervisors may take.
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Branchless Banking in Pakistan
October 11, 2011
This Brief highlights key challenges and opportunities that are likely to shape the branchless banking market in Pakistan in the near term.
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Emerging Lessons of Public Funders in Branchless Banking
July 25, 2011
This paper highlights emerging lessons from the public funders that have been engaged in branchless banking. The goal is to help other funders consider the role they might play in this area. Branchless banking offers the potential to fundamentally transform the way low-income clients can access financial services.
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Regulating Banking Agents
March 21, 2011
This Focus Note reviews global regulation of the use of agents by banks (and where noted, nonbank service providers) and focuses on four questions related to the safe and scalable use of agents.
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Agent Management Toolkit
February 10, 2011
This guide presents practical advice to providers on how to build a viable network of agents, which is a critical component of a branchless banking service.
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Nonbank E-Money Issuers
July 30, 2010
The success of Kenya’s M-PESA has raised the question of how most effectively to regulate nonbanks who contract directly with customers to issue electronic value against receipt of equal funds.
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Microfinance and Mobile Banking
July 19, 2010
This Focus Note explores the various roles that MFIs can play in m-banking and the potential benefits MFIs and their customers expect to gain from pursuing m-banking.
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Banking the Poor via G2P Payments
December 21, 2009
In this Focus Note, we look at government-to-person (G2P) payments, which have the potential to become a vehicle for extending financial inclusion and improving the welfare of poor people.
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Mobile Money in the Philippines
December 18, 2009
This Brief, a joint effort of CGAP and the GSM Association, discusses the results of the first study on mobile money and the unbanked—those without access to formal financial services—estimated to be almost 4 billion worldwide.
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Scenarios for Branchless Banking in 2020
November 3, 2009
This Focus Note discusses the 2009 CGAP and DFID scenario-building project on using branchless banking to reach the unserved majority by 2020.
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Poor People Using Mobile Financial Services
August 4, 2009
Insights into how poor people use M-PESA, its impact on their lives, and some unexpected consequences.
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Stability of Small Balance Deposits
June 10, 2009
Small balance demand deposits from poor clients are viewed as a particularly volatile class of funding. This is one reason some MFIs are concerned about using deposits to fund their lending operations.
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The Role of Mobile Operators in Expanding Access to Finance
May 12, 2009
The fact that mobile phones can be used as transactional devices doesn’t necessarily mean that the mobile operator needs to “own” the financial services.
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Going Cashless at the Point of Sale
December 19, 2008
Storing and sending value electronically is something many people living in developed countries take for granted because making electronic transactions are part of everyday life.
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Realizing the Potential of Branchless Banking
October 20, 2008
Should we start conceiving of retail payment networks as a utility much as we think of access to water, electricity, or phones?
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Banking on Mobiles: Why, How, for Whom?
July 9, 2008
This Focus Note examines how banks can translate the potential of mobile phones into greater financial access for poor people.
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Banking Through Networks of Retail Agents
May 1, 2008
This Focus Note looks at banking through networks of retail agents. It addresses the idea that, to achieve universal access, banks will need to adapt their systems to a low-value, high-volume transactional environment and to build more flexible, scalable retail networks of points of service.
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Being Able to Make (Small) Deposits and Payments, Anywhere
April 1, 2008
This Focus Note presents an alternative, systemic approach to branchless banking in which there is no need for a bank to have a contractual relationship with any of the retail outlets through which it is absorbing deposits or meeting liquidity needs of its customers.
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The Early Experience with Branchless Banking
April 1, 2008
This Focus Note presents CGAP's observations on its early experiences with branchless banking. It addresses each of the elements and players in the branchless banking delivery chain, including customers, financial service providers, agents, products, and technology platforms.
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