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Focus Notes

Designing Disclosure Regimes for Responsible Financial Inclusion

March 15, 2012

This Focus Note offers practical guidance to policy makers who are developing disclosure regimes in low-access environments.

Social Cash Transfers and Financial Inclusion

February 27, 2012

This Focus Note analyzes the profitability, affordability and use of electronic social cash transfers in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and South Africa. By the end of 2012, it is expected that in the countries studied, only a small minority of G2P recipients will still be paid in cash.

Financially Inclusive Ecosystems

February 3, 2012

This Focus Note first describes the challenges of the broader financial inclusion landscape and then explores three promising roles government can play in developing more financially inclusive ecosystems.

Bank Agents: Risk Management, Mitigation, and Supervision

December 2, 2011

This Focus Note discusses the activities (and related risks) in which bank agents may engage, management and mitigation of agent-related risks, approaches to licensing and supervision of bank agent businesses, and possible corrective measures supervisors may take.

Incorporating Consumer Research into Consumer Protection Policy Making

November 11, 2011

This Focus Note describes CGAP's experience to date gathering qualitative and quantitative information directly from low-income consumers to inform financial consumer protection policy.

Responsible Finance

September 12, 2011

This paper defines what we mean by responsible finance, both as an end-state vision and in terms of a pragmatic focus on client protection and social performance management. The paper explores responsible finance knowledge and practice, with a focus on three client protection strategies: industry self-regulation, government regulation and supervision, and improved consumer capability.

Emerging Lessons of Public Funders in Branchless Banking

July 25, 2011

This paper highlights emerging lessons from the public funders that have been engaged in branchless banking. The goal is to help other funders consider the role they might play in this area. Branchless banking offers the potential to fundamentally transform the way low-income clients can access financial services.

Foreign Capital Investment in Microfinance

May 9, 2011

Despite the financial crisis, in the past four years foreign investment in microfinance, including both debt and equity, has quadrupled to reach US$13 billion.

Cross-border Funding of Microfinance

April 18, 2011

This Focus Note draws on data from CGAP’s annual surveys on cross-border funding (2009, 2010) to provide an overview of the microfinance funding landscape and trends in cross-border funding.

Reaching the Poorest

April 18, 2011

This paper highlights the lessons learned from the CGAP–Ford Foundation Graduation Program, a series of 10 pilot projects in eight countries.

Regulating Banking Agents

March 21, 2011

This Focus Note reviews global regulation of the use of agents by banks (and where noted, nonbank service providers) and focuses on four questions related to the safe and scalable use of agents.

Andhra Pradesh 2010

December 7, 2010

The crisis that erupted in the Indian State of Andhra Pradesh in early October 2010 hit at the epicenter of microfinance in India and has implications there, across the country, and globally.

Indian Microfinance Goes Public

September 28, 2010

On 28 July 2010 SKS, India’s largest microfinance institution (MFI) with 5.8 million clients, became the first MFI in India to float its shares through an initial public offering (IPO).

Protecting Branchless Banking Consumers

September 23, 2010

Transformational branchless banking heightens the consumer-related concerns of regulators and supervisors because it combines the use of agents and technology-enabled devices to serve large numbers of less educated and inexperienced customers.

Branchless Banking 2010

September 1, 2010

Many in the private sector believe reaching large numbers of mass market clients is a precondition to large-scale profits, but at the same time, they are uncertain about how quickly branchless banking will gain traction with the unbanked, low-income clients who make up the mass market.

Nonbank E-Money Issuers

July 30, 2010

The success of Kenya’s M-PESA has raised the question of how most effectively to regulate nonbanks who contract directly with customers to issue electronic value against receipt of equal funds.

Microfinance and Mobile Banking

July 19, 2010

This Focus Note explores the various roles that MFIs can play in m-banking and the potential benefits MFIs and their customers expect to gain from pursuing m-banking.

Growth and Vulnerabilities in Microfinance

February 23, 2010

This Focus Note distills lessons from four microfinance markets that have all experienced a repayment crisis after a period of high growth.

Consumer Protection Regulation

February 17, 2010

Responsible finance is much in the news these days, as the fallout from irresponsible financial practices and products in the United States and other developed markets continues to affect global finance.

Does Microcredit Really Help Poor People?

January 14, 2010

This Focus Note explores how well individual anecdotes represent the general experience of the hundreds of millions who have gotten microloans and other microfinance services.

 
 
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